RFC 9112 - HTTP/1.1

发布日期: 2022年6月
状态: 标准跟踪协议 (Standards Track)
作者: R. Fielding (Adobe), M. Nottingham (Fastly), J. Reschke (greenbytes)
废弃: RFC 7230

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摘要 (Abstract)

超文本传输协议 (Hypertext Transfer Protocol, HTTP) 是一种用于分布式、协作式超文本信息系统的无状态应用层协议。本文档规定了 HTTP/1.1 消息语法、消息解析、连接管理以及相关的安全问题。

本文档废弃了 RFC 7230 的部分内容。

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目录 (Contents)

• 1. Introduction (简介)
  • 1.1 Requirements Notation (需求表示法)
  • 1.2 Syntax Notation (语法表示法)
• 2. Message (消息)
  • 2.1 Message Format (消息格式)
  • 2.2 Message Parsing (消息解析)
  • 2.3 HTTP Version (HTTP版本)
• 3. Request Line (请求行)
  • 3.1 Method (方法)
  • 3.2 Request Target (请求目标)
  • 3.3 Reconstructing the Target URI (重构目标URI)
• 4. Status Line (状态行)
• 5. Field Syntax (字段语法)
  • 5.1 Field Line Parsing (字段行解析)
  • 5.2 Obsolete Line Folding (过时的行折叠)
• 6. Message Body (消息体)
  • 6.1 Transfer-Encoding (传输编码)
  • 6.2 Content-Length (内容长度)
  • 6.3 Message Body Length (消息体长度)
• 7. Transfer Codings (传输编码)
  • 7.1 Chunked Transfer Coding (分块传输编码)
  • 7.2 Transfer Codings for Compression (用于压缩的传输编码)
  • 7.3 Transfer Coding Registry (传输编码注册表)
  • 7.4 Negotiating Transfer Codings (协商传输编码)
• 8. Handling Incomplete Messages (处理不完整消息)
• 9. Connection Management (连接管理)
  • 9.1 Establishment (建立)
  • 9.2 Associating a Response to a Request (关联响应与请求)
  • 9.3 Persistence (持久性)
  • 9.4 Concurrency (并发)
  • 9.5 Failures and Timeouts (失败与超时)
  • 9.6 Tear-down (拆除)
  • 9.7 TLS Connection Initiation (TLS连接初始化)
  • 9.8 TLS Connection Closure (TLS连接关闭)
• 10. Enclosing Messages as Data (将消息封装为数据)
  • 10.1 Media Type message/http (媒体类型 message/http)
  • 10.2 Media Type application/http (媒体类型 application/http)
• 11. Security Considerations (安全考虑)
  • 11.1 Response Splitting (响应拆分)
  • 11.2 Request Smuggling (请求走私)
  • 11.3 Message Integrity (消息完整性)
  • 11.4 Message Confidentiality (消息机密性)
• 12. IANA Considerations (IANA考虑事项)
  • 12.1 Field Name Registration (字段名称注册)
  • 12.2 Media Type Registration (媒体类型注册)
  • 12.3 Transfer Coding Registration (传输编码注册)
  • 12.4 ALPN Protocol ID Registration (ALPN协议ID注册)
• 13. References (参考文献)
  • 13.1 Normative References (规范性参考文献)
  • 13.2 Informative References (资料性参考文献)

附录 (Appendices)

• Appendix A. Collected ABNF (收集的ABNF)
• Appendix B. Differences between HTTP and MIME (HTTP与MIME的差异)
  • B.1 MIME-Version
  • B.2 Conversion to Canonical Form (转换为规范形式)
  • B.3 Conversion of Date Formats (日期格式转换)
  • B.4 Conversion of Content-Encoding (Content-Encoding转换)
  • B.5 Conversion of Content-Transfer-Encoding (Content-Transfer-Encoding转换)
  • B.6 MHTML and Line Length Limitations (MHTML和行长度限制)
• Appendix C. Changes from Previous RFCs (与之前RFC的变更)
  • C.1 Changes from HTTP/0.9 (从HTTP/0.9的变更)
  • C.2 Changes from HTTP/1.0 (从HTTP/1.0的变更)
  • C.3 Changes from RFC 7230 (从RFC 7230的变更)

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相关资源

• 官方原文: RFC 9112
• 官方页面: RFC 9112 DataTracker
• 勘误表: RFC Editor Errata

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