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6. IANA Considerations (IANA考虑)

本文档更新了 [RFC4021] 中出现的引用 [RFC2822] 中定义的注册。IANA已根据 [RFC3864] 中规定的程序,使用以下头部字段更新了永久消息头部字段存储库。

注册的头部字段​

起源字段 (Origination Fields)​

Date (日期字段)

  • Header field name: Date
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.1节)

From (发件人字段)

  • Header field name: From
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.2节)

Sender (发送者字段)

  • Header field name: Sender
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.2节)

Reply-To (回复地址字段)

  • Header field name: Reply-To
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.2节)

目的地字段 (Destination Fields)​

To (收件人字段)

  • Header field name: To
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.3节)

Cc (抄送字段)

  • Header field name: Cc
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.3节)

Bcc (密送字段)

  • Header field name: Bcc
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.3节)

标识字段 (Identification Fields)​

Message-ID (消息标识符)

  • Header field name: Message-ID
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.4节)

In-Reply-To (回复标识)

  • Header field name: In-Reply-To
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.4节)

References (引用标识)

  • Header field name: References
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.4节)

信息字段 (Informational Fields)​

Subject (主题字段)

  • Header field name: Subject
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.5节)

Comments (注释字段)

  • Header field name: Comments
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.5节)

Keywords (关键词字段)

  • Header field name: Keywords
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.5节)

重发字段 (Resent Fields)​

Resent-Date

  • Header field name: Resent-Date
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.6节)

Resent-From

  • Header field name: Resent-From
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.6节)

Resent-Sender

  • Header field name: Resent-Sender
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.6节)

Resent-To

  • Header field name: Resent-To
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.6节)

Resent-Cc

  • Header field name: Resent-Cc
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.6节)

Resent-Bcc

  • Header field name: Resent-Bcc
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.6节)

Resent-Reply-To (废弃)

  • Header field name: Resent-Reply-To
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: obsolete
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第4.5.6节)

Resent-Message-ID

  • Header field name: Resent-Message-ID
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.6节)

跟踪字段 (Trace Fields)​

Return-Path (退信路径)

  • Header field name: Return-Path
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.7节)

Received (接收记录)

  • Header field name: Received
  • Applicable protocol: Mail
  • Status: standard
  • Author/Change controller: IETF
  • Specification document(s): 本文档 (第3.6.7节)
  • Related information: [RFC5321]

头部字段分类​

按功能分类​

邮件头部字段
├── 必需字段
│   ├── Date      (必须)
│   └── From      (必须)
├── 发送者信息
│   ├── Sender    (条件必需)
│   └── Reply-To  (可选)
├── 收件人信息
│   ├── To        (推荐)
│   ├── Cc        (可选)
│   └── Bcc       (可选)
├── 消息标识
│   ├── Message-ID   (推荐)
│   ├── In-Reply-To  (回复时推荐)
│   └── References   (回复时推荐)
├── 消息信息
│   ├── Subject   (推荐)
│   ├── Comments  (可选)
│   └── Keywords  (可选)
├── 重发信息
│   ├── Resent-Date (重发时必需)
│   ├── Resent-From (重发时必需)
│   └── ...其他Resent-*
└── 传输跟踪
    ├── Received     (由MTA添加)
    └── Return-Path  (由最终MTA添加)

按状态分类​

状态字段数量
standard (标准)除Resent-Reply-To外的所有字段23个
obsolete (废弃)Resent-Reply-To1个

IANA注册流程​

本规范遵循 [RFC3864] 中定义的永久消息头部字段注册流程:

  1. 注册请求: 提交到IANA
  2. 审查过程: IESG审查
  3. 注册批准: IANA批准并记录
  4. 公开访问: 在IANA网站上公开

注册模板示例​

Header field name: Example-Field
Applicable protocol: Mail
Status: standard/experimental/deprecated/obsolete
Author/Change controller: IETF/[Organization]
Specification document(s): RFC XXXX (Section X.X.X)
Related information: [Optional]

永久消息头部字段存储库​

IANA维护的永久消息头部字段存储库包含:

  • 标准化头部字段
  • 实验性头部字段
  • 临时头部字段
  • 废弃的头部字段

访问地址: https://www.iana.org/assignments/message-headers/

扩展头部字段​

本规范不限制其他头部字段的定义。新的头部字段可以通过:

  1. RFC发布: 标准化新字段
  2. IANA注册: 临时或实验性字段
  3. X-前缀: 非标准字段 (不推荐新使用)

注意: 现代实践不鼓励使用X-前缀用于新的实验性头部字段。应该直接使用描述性名称并进行适当注册。

总结​

RFC 5322在IANA中注册了23个标准头部字段和1个废弃字段,这些注册更新了先前RFC 2822的注册内容。所有注册都遵循RFC 3864定义的程序,并在IANA的永久消息头部字段存储库中维护。

实现者应参考IANA存储库以获取最新的头部字段注册信息和任何新添加的扩展字段。

下一节: 7. References (参考文献)

上一节: 5. Security Considerations (安全考虑)

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