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4. Request Object

4. Request Object​

A Request Object (Section 2.1) is used to provide authorization request parameters for an OAuth 2.0 authorization request. It MUST contain all the parameters (including extension parameters) used to process the OAuth 2.0 [RFC6749] authorization request except the request and request_uri parameters that are defined in this document. The parameters are represented as the JWT Claims of the object. Parameter names and string values MUST be included as JSON strings. Since Request Objects are handled across domains and potentially outside of a closed ecosystem, per Section 8.1 of [RFC8259], these JSON strings MUST be encoded using UTF-8 [RFC3629]. Numerical values MUST be included as JSON numbers. The Request Object MAY include any extension parameters. This JSON [RFC8259] object constitutes the JWT Claims Set defined in JWT [RFC7519]. The JWT Claims Set is then signed or signed and encrypted.

To sign, JSON Web Signature (JWS) [RFC7515] is used. The result is a JWS-signed JWT [RFC7519]. If signed, the Authorization Request Object SHOULD contain the Claims iss (issuer) and aud (audience) as members with their semantics being the same as defined in the JWT [RFC7519] specification. The value of aud should be the value of the authorization server (AS) issuer, as defined in RFC 8414 [RFC8414].

To encrypt, JWE [RFC7516] is used. When both signature and encryption are being applied, the JWT MUST be signed, then encrypted, as described in Section 11.2 of [RFC7519]. The result is a Nested JWT, as defined in [RFC7519].

The client determines the algorithms used to sign and encrypt Request Objects. The algorithms chosen need to be supported by both the client and the authorization server. The client can inform the authorization server of the algorithms that it supports in its dynamic client registration metadata [RFC7591], specifically, the metadata values request_object_signing_alg, request_object_encryption_alg, and request_object_encryption_enc. Likewise, the authorization server can inform the client of the algorithms that it supports in its authorization server metadata [RFC8414], specifically, the metadata values request_object_signing_alg_values_supported, request_object_encryption_alg_values_supported, and request_object_encryption_enc_values_supported.

The Request Object MAY be sent by value, as described in Section 5.1, or by reference, as described in Section 5.2. request and request_uri parameters MUST NOT be included in Request Objects.

A Request Object (Section 2.1) has the media type [RFC2046] application/oauth-authz-req+jwt. Note that some existing deployments may alternatively be using the type application/jwt.

The following is an example of the Claims in a Request Object before base64url [RFC7515] encoding and signing. Note that it includes the extension parameters nonce and max_age.

{
 "iss": "s6BhdRkqt3",
 "aud": "https://server.example.com",
 "response_type": "code id_token",
 "client_id": "s6BhdRkqt3",
 "redirect_uri": "https://client.example.org/cb",
 "scope": "openid",
 "state": "af0ifjsldkj",
 "nonce": "n-0S6_WzA2Mj",
 "max_age": 86400
}

Signing it with the RS256 algorithm [RFC7518] results in this Request Object value (with line wraps within values for display purposes only):

eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6ImsyYmRjIn0.ewogICAgImlzcyI6ICJzNkJoZF
JrcXQzIiwKICAgICJhdWQiOiAiaHR0cHM6Ly9zZXJ2ZXIuZXhhbXBsZS5jb20iLAog
ICAgInJlc3BvbnNlX3R5cGUiOiAiY29kZSBpZF90b2tlbiIsCiAgICAiY2xpZW50X2
lkIjogInM2QmhkUmtxdDMiLAogICAgInJlZGlyZWN0X3VyaSI6ICJodHRwczovL2Ns
aWVudC5leGFtcGxlLm9yZy9jYiIsCiAgICAic2NvcGUiOiAib3BlbmlkIiwKICAgIC
JzdGF0ZSI6ICJhZjBpZmpzbGRraiIsCiAgICAibm9uY2UiOiAibi0wUzZfV3pBMk1q
IiwKICAgICJtYXhfYWdlIjogODY0MDAKfQ.Nsxa_18VUElVaPjqW_ToI1yrEJ67BgK
b5xsuZRVqzGkfKrOIX7BCx0biSxYGmjK9KJPctH1OC0iQJwXu5YVY-vnW0_PLJb1C2
HG-ztVzcnKZC2gE4i0vgQcpkUOCpW3SEYXnyWnKzuKzqSb1wAZALo5f89B_p6QA6j6
JwBSRvdVsDPdulW8lKxGTbH82czCaQ50rLAg3EYLYaCb4ik4I1zGXE4fvim9FIMs8O
CMmzwIB5S-ujFfzwFjoyuPEV4hJnoVUmXR_W9typPf846lGwA8h9G9oNTIuX8Ft2jf
pnZdFmLg3_wr3Wa5q3a-lfbgF3S9H_8nN3j1i7tLR_5Nz-g

The following RSA public key, represented in JSON Web Key (JWK) format, can be used to validate the Request Object signature in this and subsequent Request Object examples (with line wraps within values for display purposes only):

{
 "kty":"RSA",
 "kid":"k2bdc",
 "n":"x5RbkAZkmpRxia65qRQ1wwSMSxQUnS7gcpVTV_cdHmfmG2ltd2yabEO9XadD8
      pJNZubINPpmgHh3J1aD9WRwS05ucmFq3CfFsluLt13_7oX5yDRSKX7poXmT_5
      ko8k4NJZPMAO8fPToDTH7kHYbONSE2FYa5GZ60CUsFhSonI-dcMDJ0Ary9lxI
      w5k2z4TAdARVWcS7sD07VhlMMshrwsPHBQgTatlkxyIHXbYdtak8fqvNAwr7O
      lVEvM_Ipf5OfmdB8Sd-wjzaBsyP4VhJKoi_qdgSzpC694XZeYPq45Sw-q51iF
      UlcOlTCI7z6jltUtnR6ySn6XDGFnzH5Fe5ypw",
 "e":"AQAB"
}
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